Planetary Defense at JAXA

The JAXA Planetary Defense Team was established in 2024, bringing together experts in fields including near-Earth object observation, small-body exploration, and space law. Our mission is to raise awareness of planetary defense in Japan and establish a framework for responding rapidly to potential impact threats. Drawing on the extensive data and expertise gained through the Hayabusa and Hayabusa2 asteroid rendezvous missions, we contribute to the advancement of planetary defense technologies through international cooperation.

Planetary defense involves monitoring the impact risks posed by near-Earth objects. If a potential impact is identified, efforts may be made to deflect the object by changing its trajectory. If deflection is not feasible, the potential impact location and time are estimated to support emergency planning, including evacuation. It is a form of disaster risk reduction designed to protect lives from asteroid and comet impacts. Unlike many other natural hazards, potential impact events can sometimes be identified far in advance, but effective preparedness requires scientific expertise, technological capabilities, and international coordination. Alongside observation, analysis, and technology development, we are building cooperative frameworks in Japan and internationally so that swift action can be taken whenever a hazardous object is detected.